This book focuses on practical uses of assessment in education and provides resources and strategies for teachers, administrators, and other educational leaders who strive toward data-informed instruction that balances the use of assessment to address opportunity gaps.

This book presents varied applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in test development, including research and successful examples of using AI technology in automated item generation, automated test assembly, automated scoring, and computerized adaptive testing.

This chapter explores both what happens when test takers disengage and how this disengagement should be managed during scoring.