{"id":12177,"date":"2025-04-29T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/?p=12177"},"modified":"2025-04-29T10:07:39","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T17:07:39","slug":"equity-in-reading-levels-scaffolds-and-grade-level-text","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/2025\/equity-in-reading-levels-scaffolds-and-grade-level-text\/","title":{"rendered":"Let\u2019s talk equity: Reading levels, scaffolds, and grade-level text"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/d1ushxurfijnsi.cloudfront.net\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"299\" src=\"https:\/\/d1ushxurfijnsi.cloudfront.net\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173.jpg\" alt=\"Let\u2019s talk equity: Reading levels, scaffolds, and grade-level text\" class=\"wp-image-12182\" title=\"Let\u2019s talk equity: Reading levels, scaffolds, and grade-level text\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173-768x270.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/uploads\/2020\/06\/TLG-IMG-06252020-e1593101170173-720x253.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:2rem\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When it comes to literacy instruction, it can be difficult to differentiate for students who are in need of a little extra support. One of the biggest challenges is ensuring all students have access to grade-level text.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this post, I\u2019ll explore what reading levels are, why it\u2019s important to ensure all kids are getting frequent exposure to grade-level materials, and how to go about this challenging but worthwhile work.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What a reading level is not<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When assessment data, like data from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/map-growth\/\">MAP\u00ae Growth\u2122<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/map-reading-fluency\/\">MAP\u00ae Reading Fluency\u2122<\/a>, indicates the level at which a student is reading, here\u2019s what that data does not mean: \u201cDaniel is reading at level 4, so I\u2019ll send him to a group where all literacy instruction is in level 4 texts. He\u2019s not ready for the level 7 books that most of his peers will be taught from.\u201d Equity is not about lowering expectations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here\u2019s what else it does not mean: \u201cI\u2019ll just report that reading level up the chain to the district and then continue with my usual whole-class instruction in level 7 books, so it\u2019s the same for everyone.\u201d Equity is not about teaching the very same for everyone, regardless of needs.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helping kids \u201csee over the fence\u201d<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Think back to what we do know about equity. Remember the <a href=\"https:\/\/interactioninstitute.org\/illustrating-equality-vs-equity\/\">metaphor of the solid fence<\/a>? Tall people can already see over it, so they have access to the show on the other side. Shorter people need a step stool, and people using wheelchairs need a ramp. Otherwise, they\u2019re stuck looking at nothing but a knot in the wood of that fence all afternoon.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In part, reading levels are just like that. They tell you the size of the stool or ramp you need to provide for each student to access complex, grade-level text. Reading levels should not be about denying access; they should be understood mostly as indications of what it takes to grant access to complex, grade-level text.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Equity = access to complex, grade-level text<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misusing reading levels is an equity issue. You deny students the right to improve their reading comprehension if you don\u2019t grant them access every day to some meaty grade-level text. Here\u2019s why: Students develop their comprehension\u2014of language, of genres, and of the world\u2014by working with written texts full of challenging words and syntax. They learn new words not by reading words they already know but by accumulating exposure to new ones. They learn to figure out compound complex sentences, some of them with strange grammatical interruptions like this one, by engaging with these kinds of structures in written text. We know from research that oral language\u2014conversations, teacher lectures\u2014is not rich or varied enough in the vocabulary or syntax it presents. <em>Written<\/em> language at higher and higher levels of complexity is what kids need. This is why text complexity features so strongly in how academic standards advance across grades.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Access = appropriate scaffolding<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now here\u2019s a good question: How do we give equal access to meaty texts when some kids have less (or zero) decoding fluency? The answer is scaffolding.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just like painters or window washers might need scaffolding to get to the third-floor exterior of a building, less fluent readers will need scaffolding to be able to access harder texts. This means that teachers\u2019 lessons around a complex text will include planned attention to what makes the text difficult. Are there difficult vocabulary words? Talk through and define them ahead of the reading. Are there pieces of world knowledge that might be missing that would facilitate comprehension? Address those before reading the text. Is the decoding too challenging for some kids? Structure some paired, repeated reading to build fluency with the text before discussing comprehension.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, reading the text aloud to students is the appropriate level of scaffolding. While this is common in kindergarten and first grade, the practice is critical for letting kids see over ever taller fences in later grades as well. The goal is to help kids to engage with making meaning from that complex written language. Reading aloud to students\u2014even readers with stronger skills\u2014gives them access to language that goes beyond the limitations of their own decoding fluency.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What a reading level <em>is<\/em> for<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When students have a reading level that is lower than grade level, that means scaffolding is needed to help them access grade-level text. A reading level is a gauge of how substantial that scaffolding should be.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certainly, a reading level also indicates where to start in making choices for independent reading. If we want students to read for pleasure at home, getting them text at an appropriate level matters. But don\u2019t forget that interests matter, too. Daniel might be at a level 5 or 6 when it comes to books having anything to do with pirates marauding on the high seas if he\u2019s months and months into a pirate obsession.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s keep having hard conversations about equity in literacy instruction. It\u2019s well past time to get real about where inequity lives in our own practice.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For more articles on reading and language arts, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nwea.org\/blog\/category\/ela\/\">ELA archive<\/a> here on <em>Teach. Learn. Grow<\/em>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When it comes to literacy instruction, it can be difficult to differentiate for students who are in need of a little extra support. One of the biggest [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":19495,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"When we talk about equity in literacy instruction, we must address reading levels. 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